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Statutory Interpretation: Statutes

Federal Statutes

United States Code (USC):  Arranged topically with 51 titles, there are two annotated versions of the United States Code, United States Code Annotated (USCA—burgundy in color) and United States Code Service (USCS—black).  They are produced by different publishers and can differ in the annotations they provide, so it’s a good idea to check both sets.

Some statutes dealing with Indians can be found in Title 25, for example.  Other statutes may be found elsewhere—use the index volumes at the end of the set to find what you need, or there are volumes listing acts by popular name (Civil Rights Act of 1964, etc.)  We keep copies of both sets in the Law South stacks.

Federal statutory and legislative material can also be found online in the following places:

State Statutes

State codes:  Annotated state codes work very much like the federal codes, but may have a different topical organization.  For example, in Ohio, statutes dealing with conservation of natural resources are contained in Title 15 of the Ohio Revised Code.  The Taggart Law Library has state codes for all 50 states in the state materials section on the south side.

Multi-Jurisdictional Research

Fifty-state surveys track a single topic across the statutes (or regulations) of all 50 states.  They usually take the form of a state-by-state table or chart containing the citations to the laws on the given topic in each state, but generally contain little-to-no analysis.  A 50-State Survey will not be available for all topics, but, if there is one, it can serve as a valuable starting point when conducting multi-jurisdictional research on a topic. Check each of the below sources to see if there is a 50-state-survey already compiled for your topic. (Note the date of any 50-state-surveys you find; some updating may be required.)

Note that you can sometimes find multi-state surveys or multi-state issue-trackers online. For example, the National Conference of State Legislatures also often has multi-state surveys for statutes or legislation (bill-tracking, etc.) on select topics.

 

Municipal Codes

The following is a list of places to check if looking for the codes, ordinances, bylaws, or measures of a specific locality or municipality.

  • Lexis: Municipal Codes - Lexis has a collection of select municipal codes by state. Select a state from the menu at the above link to begin. Once on a state's Municipal Codes page, click the plus (+) sign to expand the list of available municipal codes.
  • Municode - One of the most comprehensive collections with nationwide coverage, including tribes and tribal nations. 
  • American Legal Publishing’s Code Library - Coverage of 41 states.
  • eCode360 Code Library has codes from 24 states.
  • Although it does not contain municipal codes, Westlaw has a compilation of municipal law resources in one place, with a useful collection of secondary sources to aid you in your research

Understanding Statute Citations

A three-part citation format tells you where to find a statute in the code for your jurisdiction:

Title Number Name of Code Section Number
42 U.S.C. § 1983

 

 

Reference Appointments

The Taggart Law Library is here to help! Schedule an appointment with a librarian or chat with us using our online chat feature. Open to ONU Law students, faculty, staff, and alumni. 

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